?????????????

百度　　“减负”是个老问题，是教育的顽疾、痼疾，长期以来没有得到有效根治，是因为其成因复杂。

????????????? (Vijnanabhiksu) ????????? ??????????? 15 ?????? 16?? ???????????? ???????, ?????? ?????? ??????????? ??????? ??? ????? ??????????.[^[1]^[2] ????? ????????????? ??????? ????????, ????????? ??????? ???????????? ???????, ????? ???????????? ????? ?????? ???????? ????????????? ???????? ?????????????.^[3] ?????????, ????? ??????? ??????? ????????????????????? ??????????? ????????? ???????? ????????????????? ????????? ???????? ???????????????.^[4]^[5] ?????? ???? ???? ????????? ?????-????????? ??????????? ??????????????? ????????? ???????????????? ???????????????.

????????

?????????????, 15?? ???????????? ???????? ???????????? ?????? ???????? ????????? ?????????, ????????? ??????? ???? ????????????? ?????? ?????? ?????????. ?????? ????????????? ????????? ??????? ???????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????????????? ???????? ???????? ????? ?????????? ???????????????.^[4]^[6] ??????? ???????????? ???????????, ??? ?????-????????????? ??????????? ???????. ????? ????????????? ?????? ???????? ("???????? ??????? ??????? ??????????") ????? ????????????????. ??? ???????????? ?????? ????? ???? ????????? ???????????? ??? ?????????? ????? ???????? ??????.

??????? ?????????? ???????????, ?????????????????? ?????? ??? ???????? ?????. ??????? ????? ?????? ???????????? ??????? ????? ??????? ?????????? ??????????????????. ???? ?????? ???????? ??????? ????? ???? ????? ???????? ???????????.^[5]^[7]

??????????

????????????? ????????? ???????? ?????? ??? ???????:^[8]

??????? ?????? ??????? (?????? ???????????????? ?????? ???)
????? ???? ??????? ("????? ????????? ?????? ???)
??????? ?????
??????? ??????? ??????? (?????? (?????????)|????????]] ??????? ???????????????? ?????? ???)
?????? ????????? (??????? ??? ???????????????? ?????? ???)
??? ????? ?????????? (??????? ??? ???????????????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ???)

?????? ????????????? ???????

Ganganatha Jha, Yogasarasamgraha of Vijnanabhiksu, New Delhi: Parimal Publications, 1995.
José Pereira, Hindu Theology: A Reader, Garden City: Doubleday, 1976. Includes translated excerpts from Vijnanamritabhashya and Sankhyasutrabhashya.
T. S. Rukmani, Yogavarttika of Vijnanabhiksu, New Delhi: Munshiram Manoharlal, 1981.
Nandalal Sinha, The Samkhya Philosophy, New Delhi: Oriental Books Reprint Corporation, 1979. Contains a complete translation of Vijnanabhikshu's Sankhyasutrabhashya.
Shiv Kumar, Samkhyasara of Vijnanabhiksu, Delhi: Eastern Book Linkers, 1988.

???????????

↑ T. S. Rukmani (1978), VIJ?āNABHIK?U ON BHAVA-PRATYAYA AND UPāYA-PRATYAYA YOGīS IN YOGA-SUTRAS, Journal of Indian Philosophy, Vol. 5, No. 4 (August 1978), pages 311-317
↑ Andrew O. Fort (2006), Vij?ānabhik?u on Two Forms of "Samādhi", International Journal of Hindu Studies, Vol. 10, No. 3 (Dec., 2006), pages 271-294
↑ T. S. Rukmani (1988), VIJ?āNABHIK?U'S DOUBLE REFLECTION THEORY OF KNOWLEDGE IN THE YOGA SYSTEM, Journal of Indian Philosophy, Vol. 16, No. 4 (DECEMBER 1988), pages 367-375
↑ ^4.0 ^4.1 Nicholson 2007
↑ ^5.0 ^5.1 Edwin Francis Bryant; Pata?jali (2009). The Yoga sūtras of Pata?jali: a new edition, translation, and commentary with insights from the traditional commentators. North Point Press. pp. 190, 239. ISBN 978-0-86547-736-0.
↑ Borelli, John (1978). "Vijnanabhiksu and the Re-Assertion of Difference-in-Identity Vedanta". Philosophy East and West 28 (4): 425–437. doi:10.2307/1398647.
↑ Andrew O. Fort (1998). Jivanmukti in Transformation: Embodied Liberation in Advaita and Neo-Vedanta. State University of New York Press. p. 125. ISBN 978-0-7914-3904-3.
↑ Sato, Hiroyuki (1989). "Vij?anabhiksu's Theory of Mutual Projection". Journal of Indian and Buddhist Studies (Japanese Association of Indian and Buddhist Studies) 37 (2): 945–943. doi:10.4259/ibk.37.945.

?????????

Burley, Mikel (2007), Classical Samkhya and Yoga: An Indian Metaphysics of Experience, Taylor & Francis
Lorenzen, David N. (2006), Who Invented Hinduism: Essays on Religion in History, Yoda Press, ISBN 9788190227261
Nicholson, Andrew (2007), "Reconciling Dualism and Non-Dualism: Three Arguments in Vij?ānabhik?u's Bhedābheda Vedānta", Journal of Indian Philosophy, 35 (3): 2007, pp 371–403, doi:10.1007/s10781-007-9016-6, S2CID 170439037
Nicholson, Andrew J. (2010), Unifying Hinduism: Philosophy and Identity in Indian Intellectual History, Columbia University Press
Daniel P. Sheridan, "Vijnanabhikshu", in Great Thinkers of the Eastern World, Ian McGready, ed., New York: Harper Collins, 1995, pp. 248–251.

???? ??????????

A General Idea of Vij?āna Bhik?u’s Philosophy, Surendranath Dasgupta, 1940
Chapter one of Vijnanabhiksu's Ishvaragitabhashya (Sanskrit only; PDF Format).

[1] T. S. Rukmani (1978), VIJ?āNABHIK?U ON BHAVA-PRATYAYA AND UPāYA-PRATYAYA YOGīS IN YOGA-SUTRAS, Journal of Indian Philosophy, Vol. 5, No. 4 (August 1978), pages 311-317

[2] Andrew O. Fort (2006), Vij?ānabhik?u on Two Forms of "Samādhi", International Journal of Hindu Studies, Vol. 10, No. 3 (Dec., 2006), pages 271-294

[3] T. S. Rukmani (1988), VIJ?āNABHIK?U'S DOUBLE REFLECTION THEORY OF KNOWLEDGE IN THE YOGA SYSTEM, Journal of Indian Philosophy, Vol. 16, No. 4 (DECEMBER 1988), pages 367-375

[nicholson2007p371-4] 4.0 ^4.1 Nicholson 2007

[BryantPata?jali2009p190-5] 5.0 ^5.1 Edwin Francis Bryant; Pata?jali (2009). The Yoga sūtras of Pata?jali: a new edition, translation, and commentary with insights from the traditional commentators. North Point Press. pp. 190, 239. ISBN 978-0-86547-736-0.

[6] Borelli, John (1978). "Vijnanabhiksu and the Re-Assertion of Difference-in-Identity Vedanta". Philosophy East and West 28 (4): 425–437. doi:10.2307/1398647.

[7] Andrew O. Fort (1998). Jivanmukti in Transformation: Embodied Liberation in Advaita and Neo-Vedanta. State University of New York Press. p. 125. ISBN 978-0-7914-3904-3.

[8] Sato, Hiroyuki (1989). "Vij?anabhiksu's Theory of Mutual Projection". Journal of Indian and Buddhist Studies (Japanese Association of Indian and Buddhist Studies) 37 (2): 945–943. doi:10.4259/ibk.37.945.

[1]

[2]

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[4]

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