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↑ Monier Monier-Williams, ????? zramaNa, Sanskrit-English Dictionary, Oxford University Press, page 1096
↑ Svarghese, Alexander P. 2008. India : History, Religion, Vision And Contribution To The World. p. 259-60.
↑ AL Basham (1951), History and Doctrines of the Ajivikas - a Vanished Indian Religion, Motilal Banarsidass, ??????????? ?????????? ??? 978-8120812048, pages 94-103
↑ James G. Lochtefeld (2002). The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Hinduism: N-Z, Volume 2 of The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Hinduism. The Rosen Publishing Group. p. 639. ISBN 9780823922871.
↑ Glasenapp, Helmuth Von (1999), Jainism, Motilal Banarsidass, ??????????? ?????????? ??? 978-81-208-1376-2, Page. 43
↑ There was no Buddhist king anywhere in India who persecuted the Jains or the Ajivikas or any other sect.(The Ashokavadana, p.xxxviii)
↑ ????????, 2 ????? ???? ????, 27 ??????????????? ????? ????? ????
↑ ????????? ??????? - ????? ????.????. ?????????? - ???????????? 4. ????? ????
↑ "Tamil Literature - M. S. Pillai - Google Books". Books.google.com. Retrieved 2025-08-05.
↑ "????? ?????? ???????????? ??????????". Retrieved 01 May 2012. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)
↑ Dundas (1992) p.127

[mmw1096-1] Monier Monier-Williams, ????? zramaNa, Sanskrit-English Dictionary, Oxford University Press, page 1096

[2] Svarghese, Alexander P. 2008. India : History, Religion, Vision And Contribution To The World. p. 259-60.

[3] AL Basham (1951), History and Doctrines of the Ajivikas - a Vanished Indian Religion, Motilal Banarsidass, ??????????? ?????????? ??? 978-8120812048, pages 94-103

[Lochtefeld-4] James G. Lochtefeld (2002). The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Hinduism: N-Z, Volume 2 of The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Hinduism. The Rosen Publishing Group. p. 639. ISBN 9780823922871.

[5] Glasenapp, Helmuth Von (1999), Jainism, Motilal Banarsidass, ??????????? ?????????? ??? 978-81-208-1376-2, Page. 43

[6] There was no Buddhist king anywhere in India who persecuted the Jains or the Ajivikas or any other sect.(The Ashokavadana, p.xxxviii)

[Manimegalai-7] ????????, 2 ????? ???? ????, 27 ??????????????? ????? ????? ????

[8] ????????? ??????? - ????? ????.????. ?????????? - ???????????? 4. ????? ????

[9] "Tamil Literature - M. S. Pillai - Google Books". Books.google.com. Retrieved 2025-08-05.

[10] "????? ?????? ???????????? ??????????". Retrieved 01 May 2012. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)

[11] Dundas (1992) p.127

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[5]

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