撒贝宁遇上董卿 抽象派与内敛派的碰撞让人捧腹大笑

2 + F
2 → 2 HF ??????????? ???????(H2) ?????? ????????????? ?????? ????????????? ????????. ?????????(F2) ???? ??????????????? ?????? ??????????????.
??????????? ??????? ?????? ??????? (reduction-oxidation, ?????????? Redox) ?????? ??? ???????? ??? ?????. ??? ?????? ?????? ???????, ???????????? ???????? ???? ???? ???????? ????????????? ??????? ??????????, ??????? ?????? ???? ???? [1]) ??? ????????????? ??????????????. ????????????? ??????? ???????? ???? ?????? ????????? ????????????? ???? ????????? ?????????? ????? ????????? ?????????? ?????? ????????????? ??????????????.[2] ??????????? ???????? ??????? ??????????? ??????? ????????? ?????? ???? ??????? ????? ?????????????????. ??????? ?????? ???? ????????? ????????? ????????????? ?????????? ??????? ??????????. ???? ?????????????? ??????? ?????????? ???????????????? ????????? ????????????? ?????????????, ???? ??????????????? ?????????? ????????????????? ????????? ???????? ????????????? ??????????????.
- ?????????????: ??? ?????? ???????????? ????????????? ???????? ??? ????????????? ????????? ?????????????. ?????? ??? ????????? ?????? ??? ?????? ???????? ??????????? ???? ???????????? ??? ??????????? ???? ??????.
- ????????: ??????? ?????????? ??? ?????? ?????? ??????????????? ???????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ???? ????????????. ?????? ??? ????????? ?????? ??? ?????? ???????? ??????????? ???? ?????????? ??? ?????? ???? ????????????.
Reduction is the gain of electrons or a decrease in oxidation state by a molecule, atom, or ion.

??????? ??????
[????]?????????????
[????]????? ?????????, ??????????? ??? ?????? ???????????? ???? ???????? ???????, ????????????? ????? ??????????????. ????????????????, ???????(C) ???????????(O2) ????????????, ???????-??-????????? ????? ???????? ???????, ????????????? ??????? ????????????? ???????????? ???????????. ??? ??? ??????????? ??????????.
(?-?): C + O2 -> CO2
??????? ???????? ???? ????????? ??? ????? ???? ???????? ?????????, ????????????? ????? ??????????????. ???? ???????, ???????? ?????? ????????????????, ??? ?????? ????????????? ???????? ????? ?????????????, '??????????? ???????' ????? ?????????????.
????????
[????]'????????' ???? ???? ??? ????????? ????????????. ??????, ?????????????, ????????????????, ??????????????????????, ???????? ????????? ???????????????. ???????????????? ?????????????(ZnO), ???????????(C) 1673K ????????????? ???????????? '??????' ??????? ????????????? ???????? ???????? ????????.[3].
(?.??): ZnO + C -> Zn + CO
- ????????????, ?????????????????????, ???????? ???????? ????????? ??? ?????????. ???? ???????, ????????, ????????????????? ???????? ???????? ??????? ????????? '?????? ???????' ????????????????.
- ???????, ???????? ?????????? ????, ?????????? ????????????? ????????? ????????????? ???????????????. ???? ????????????? ??????????? ???????? ??????? ?????????, ?????? ??????? ????????????????.

??????-???? ???????????
[????]???????????? ???????????????, ?????????? ??? ???????????? ?????????? ???????? ?????????? ??????? ????????????. ????? ????? ??????????, ????????? ??????? ???????????, ??? ?????? ????????????? ????????, ????????? ??????????????? ????????? ?????? ??????????. ???? ???????????? ?????? ???????, ??????????? ??????? ???????? ??? ???????, '??????-???? ???????' ????? ?????????????????.
???????????????? ???????? ????????, ???????(Na) ???????????????, ?????????(F) ?????????? ?????????. (?.??): Na + F -> Na+F-
???????????? ??????? ??????????
[????]??? ????????? ???????? ????? ?????? ??????? (reductant) ???????, ??? ????????? ????????????? ??????? ??????? ???????????? ??????? ?????????????????. ????????????????, ???????? ???????? ???????(Na) ?????????? ??????????, ?????????(F) ???????????? ?????????. ??????? ?????????(F) ????????????????? ??????????, ?????????(Na) ????????????? ?????? ?????????.
??????-???? ??????????? ??????????????????
[????]
?????? ??????? ???????? ???? ????????????? ??????? ??????? ?????????? ??????-???? ??????????? ?????? ?????????? ???????. ??????????? ?????? ????????????? ????????. ???????? ???????? ????????.
- H
2 + F
2 → 2 HF
???? ?????????? ?????????? ???? ?????? ?????????????? ???????? ????????. ???????????????,
?????? ??????,
- F
2 + 2 e? → 2 F?
?????????? ??? ??????????? ??????????? ????????? ???????? ?????????? ?????? ???? ?????? ??????? ???????? ????????????? ??????. ?????????? ?????? ???? ???????? ???????? ???? ???????????? ??????? ????? ???????????. ??????????? ???????? ????????? ?????????? ??????????????? ????????? ?????? ???????? ????????? ???????????? ??????????????? ??????????????? ????? ??????????. ??????????? ????????? ???????????????? ??????????? ???? ????????? 0 ???? ?????????? ??????. ????? ???? ???????? ?????? 0 ???? ??????????? ???????? ??????? +1 ???? ??????????? ???????? ???????????????????. ????????? ???? ???????? ???????? 0 ???? ??????????? ???????? ??????? -1 ???? ???????? ??????????????. ?????? ??????? ??????????? ???????? ?????????? ???? ??????????????? ????????? ?????? ??????.
H
2→ 2 H+ + 2 e? F
2 + 2 e?→ 2 F?
H2 + F2 → 2 H+ + 2 F?
??????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ????????? ???????????????,
- 2 H+ + 2 F? → 2 HF
?????????? ?????? ??????????? ????????.
- H
2 + F
2 → 2 HF
???? ?????????????
[????]
???? ???????? ????????, ??? ?????????????? ?????? ??? ??????????? ???? ???????? ??????? ?????????? ??????? ????????????? ??????????????? ??? ??????????.
???????????????? ?????????? ?????? ??? ?????(II) ??????????? ???????? ???????????? ???? ?????????? ????????? ????????????? ?????????. ??????? ?????????? ?????????. Zn(??)+ CuSO4(?????) → ZnSO4(?????) + Cu(???????) ???????? ???????? ?????????? ????????? ????? ???????????????? ????????? ????????????? ???????????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ?????????,
???????????? ?????? ????????:
- Zn + Cu2+ → Zn2+ + Cu
???????? ?????? ??? ??????? ??? ????? ?????????? ???????????????????.
- Zn → Zn2+ + 2 e?
????? ??????? ????????????????.
- Cu2+ + 2 e? → Cu
?????????? ???????????
[????]???????????
[????]- ↑ "redox - definition of redox in English | Oxford Dictionaries". Oxford Dictionaries | English. Archived from the original on 2025-08-05. Retrieved 2025-08-05.
- ↑ "Redox Reactions". wiley.com.
- ↑ "???????????????????? ????" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2025-08-05. Retrieved 2025-08-05.
???? ??????????
[????]- Chemical Equation Balancer - An open source chemical equation balancer that handles redox reactions.
- Video - Synthesis of Copper(II) Acetate 20 Feb. 2009
- Redox reactions calculator
- Redox reactions at Chemguide
- Online redox reaction equation balancer, balances equations of any half-cell and full reactions